Ovarian Cysts: When They’re Normal vs When They’re a Problem

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Ovarian cysts are common—but when are they normal, and when should you worry? Dr. Natalie Crawford, Board-Certified OB-GYN and Reproductive Endocrinologist, explains what ovarian cysts are, how they form, and when they may impact hormones, fertility, or IVF cycles. Learn the difference between functional cysts and more concerning cysts like endometriomas and dermoids, and understand how cysts relate to FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone so you can better advocate for your reproductive health.

Questions Answered:

What should you do if you find out you have an ovarian cyst?

When are ovarian cysts a problem, and when are they normal?

Can having an ovarian cyst increase FSH levels?

What is the difference between a functional cyst (follicular cyst or corpus luteum) and a non‑functional cyst?

How do functional cysts (follicular and corpus luteum) interact with hormones like FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone?

When and why can FSH and LH be higher (e.g., low ovarian reserve, age, PCOS)?

How can functional cysts interfere with fertility treatments like IVF?

What are common non‑functional or pathologic cysts and what do they mean?

When should ovarian cysts be monitored vs. surgically removed?

What should you ask your doctor when they say “you have a cyst”?